5. Blog Assignment #5: Due Tuesday, May 29, 2012 at
Midnight
Research and answer the following topics about the history of the Towers and the
9/11 Memorial.
You may either summarize or bullet point the following:
-the date the World Trade Center was
first built
-the business conducted inside
-the timeline for the creation of
the 9/11 Memorial in Ground Zero.
-the thought process behind the
architectural design of the Memorial and new building
-the memorial services held there
and how the public honors the deceased
Include your sources in MLA format.
In 1973 the world trade center was completed and opened. The two towers(North and South) stood at 110 stories each, In 1939 a Worlds Fair was held in New York, The worlds fair had a very interesting exhibit, The exhibit was called the “World Trade Center”, one of the exhibit owners Winthrop W. Aldrich had thoughts to give it a permanent home in New York and even make it better. Aldrich’s nephew David Rockefller kept the idea as years moved on and eventually the New York and New Jersey Port Authority decided to join in and Architect Minoru Yamaski worked with structural engineers for the project. Yamaksi had big plans for this massive building. First he selected over a dozen American architectures. The world trade center involved twelve million square feet of floor on sixteen acre. Yamaksi decided to make it two toward. Reason is that one tower looked out of place with hundreds of much small building, two towers together looked much better, and does the fact that this building can’t possibly be that wide. They are the tallest in the world with 110 floors rising at 1,353 feet. A weird statistic is that it is possible to see 45 miles in every direction, I don’t know if that is true but sill remarkable. In 10 million square feet of space, 50,000 workers and daily visitors hailed. Around 500 businesses, companies and other industries were housed in the World Trade Center. To list some, Allstate Corporation, Ben & Jerry's Ice Cream, Radio Shack, Channel 2 CBS, Channel 11 WPIX, Channel 5 FOX, Channel 4 NBC, Charles Schwab & CO and much much more. Just a huge variation of things done in the two towers.
ReplyDeleteWith all the people lost on September 2001, the Memorial idea on ground zero is very fitting, 1 memorial for over 2,500 people. The question left is what would this look like? There had to be process and the there was, it took months but a jury brook the contest for the design down from 5,00 to 250 and then 25 semifinalists and one winner. The name of the winning design was “Reflecting Absence”, selected on January 6, 2004. Empty footprints are shown of the two towers, cascades of water, 400 oak trees and a list of all the names of the victims from the World Trade center. With addition of the pentagon and Pennsylvania victims, this will stretch more than 1,500 feet. This is architecturally a very beautiful site and I would love to go there once.
Timeline of 9-11 Memorial
2003- Lower Manhattan Development Corporation came out with a campaign for a design for a memorial to commemorate the lives lost in the September 11 attacks, this memorial would be at the World Trade Center.
November 19, 2003- The jury for finding a new design came up with eight finalists
January 14, 2004- The winner “Reflecting Absesnce” was choosen at a press confrence in Memorial Hall, New York
March 13, 2006 - construction workers arrived at the World Trade Center site to start work on the design.
April 2010- reflecting pools fully framed in steel, 85% of the concrete poured
April 22 2010- workers began installation of the granite coating for reflecting pools.
June 2010- north pool's granite coating been fully completed, workers began installation of granite in south section pool
July 2010- The first shipments of soil arrived at the memorial site.
In August 2010- workers from Kelco Construction of Commack, NY started to plant trees on the memorial plaza
September 2010- workers reinstalled two tridents from the former twin towers
November 2010-workers started testing the north pool's waterfall.
March 2011- the installation of glass panels on the museum pavilion's began
May 2011- workers started testing south pool's waterfall.
September 11th 2011- Opens only to families of 9-11 Victims, special service plus light show
September 12th 2011- Officially Open to the Public.
On September 11th 2011, the ten year anniversary of 9-11 opened for families of victims, one day later it opened for the public. The Memorial featured a nice service for the victims and a Tribute in Light which made this spot of once terror a spot of honor. In December the Pipes of Christmas performed at the memorial in remembrance of the Victims and part of a tribute for the ten year anniversary. On February 14th Memorial President Joe Daniels led a tour of the memorial; He led Army Chief of Staff Gen. Raymond T. Odierno and New York Police Commissioner Ray Kelly. Others on the tour included Army Vice Chief of Staff Gen. Lloyd J. Austin III, Army Gen. James D. Thurman, Army Gen. Ann E. Dunwoody, Army Gen. Robert W. Cone and more. On March 15th United Kingdom Prime Minister David Cameron along with his wife, toured and placed flowers at the memorial. On March 12th Majority Leader of the house Eric Cantor toured the Memorial with Mayor Bloomberg. On March 9th, the Aspen Instite used the Memorial to announce the class of 2012 for its Henry Crown Fellowship which strides to engage the next generation of leaders. In March, the Memorial announced a new exhibit that will feature voice recordings from the families and friends of the victims, on April 10th and 12th family and friends of the victims met with Oral Historians to help do their recordings. On March 16th members of Ireland’s Waterford Navy placed a wreath at the Survivor Tree in the 9-11 Memorial. On May 15th at the Memorial Mayor Bloomberg and Memorial President Joe Daniels announced a new campaign that will take place May 30th, This event will honor the thousands of people who came and helped clean up ground zero after 9-11, the formal end of cleanup was May 30th 2002 which will be 10 years ago from Wednesday. As of December over 1 million people have come and seen the memorial since it officially open, People from all over the world have come to the memorial to honor the deceased, Relatives and Friends of the victims leave behind flowers and other tributes. The 9-11 memorial honors the deceased and serves as a history lesson for generations to come.
ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteWork Cited:
ReplyDelete9/11 Memorial Staff. "British PM Cameron Tours 9/11 Memorial."
911memorial.org. National September 11 Memorial & Museum, 15 Mar.
2012. Web. 29 May 2012. .
9-11 Memorial Staff. "Concert to Feature Performance in Honor of 9/11 Victims."
911memorial.org. National September 11 Memorial & Museum, 1 Dec.
2011. Web. 29 May 2012. .
9/11 Memorial Staff. "Help Preserve Memories." 911memorial.org. National
September 11 Memorial & Museum , 26 Mar. 2012. Web. 29 May 2012.
.
"The Lens: Viewing the 9/11 Memorial." 911memorial.org. National
September 11 Memorial & Museum, 16 May 2012. Web. 29 May 2012.
.
9/11 Memorial staff. "The Lens: Viewing the 9/11 Memorial." 911memorial.org.
National September 11 Memorial & Museum , 13 Mar. 2012. Web. 29 May 2012.
.
"The Lens: Viewing the 9/11 Memorial." 911memorial.org. National
September 11 Memorial & Museum , 15 Feb. 2012. Web. 29 May 2012.
.
9/11 Memorial Staff. "9/11 Memorial Pres is Among 2012 Henry Crown Fellows."
911memorial.org. National September 11 Memorial & Museum, 9 Mar.
2012. Web. 29 May 2012. .
"Tribute in the Making for First Responders, Recovery Workers."
911memorial.org. National September 11 Memorial & Museum, 15 May
2012. Web. 29 May 2012. .
"About the Memorial." 911memorial.org. National September 11 Memorial & Museum,
n.d. Web. 29 May 2012. .
Joseph, Seth. "A Tribute to Remember." 911memorial.org. National September 11
Memorial & Museum , 3 May 2012. Web. 29 May 2012.
.
LANGLEY, GREG. "Book recounts 9/11 memorial process." theadvocate.com. Capital
City Press LLC, n.d. Web. 29 May 2012. .
"9/11 Memorials and Remembrance." Nytimes.com. The New York Times Company, 6
Sept. 2011. Web. 29 May 2012. .
"Tenant Directory and History for Building." tbtf.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 May
2012. .
"World Trade Center." greatbuildings.com. Artifice, Inc. , n.d. Web. 29 May
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"World Trade Center." history.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 29 May
2012. .
The idea of building the World Trade Center started in the 1960’s. Nelson Rockefeller and his brother were the driving force behind the project. In 1966 construction began on the World Trade Center. There were 10,000 construction workers that helped build the towers. Sadly 60 people died while building the World Trade Center. In December of 1970 the north tower opened. Two years later the south tower opened in January of 1972 (Johnson and Ross). Inside of the World Trade Center there were 300 tenants. Inside the Towers were five stock brokerage houses, three insurance companies, eight law firms, and six banks. These were the locations of these businesses headquarters. The World Trade Center had its own zip code that differentiated from the rest of New York. It was 10048. At the top of the North Tower was Windows on the World. This was a restaurant that opened in 1976 and served extremely famous people including Mick Jagger and John Lennon (Johnson).
ReplyDeleteThe 9/11 Memorial in Ground Zero was originally proposed in January of 2004. There were 5,201 proposals to design to memorial but only one could get chosen. Michael Arad was selected to design the memorial with landscape architect Peter Walker. In September of 2005 the construction began on the Transportation Hub. This will make it much easier for people to get to the memorial and to downtown Manhattan. It was estimated to cost $2.21 billion. In April of 2006 the construction of the Freedom Tower began. In May of 2006 Seven World Trade Center was completed. This was the first building to be rebuilt since 9/11. In December of 2007 the Memorial Opening was delayed. It was pushed back 2 years because of the economy. It was scheduled to open in 2011. In December of 2010 the Freedom Tower is half complete. The new name for the Freedom Tower is 1 World Trade Center. On September 4, 2011 the 9/11 Memorial in Ground Zero was completed. The museum inside the memorial is not yet finished (Green and Mathias).
Loos, Ted. "Architect and 9/11 Memorial Both Evolved Over the Years." The New York Times. The New York Times, 04 Sept. 2011. Web. 29 May 2012.
Steffen, Sheila. "September 11 Memorial Debuts in New York." CNN. CNN, 12 Sept. 2011. Web. 29 May 2012.
Construction on the towers began in 1966. The North tower was started and finished before the south tower. The lower floors were ready for business in 1970. The north tower was completed in 1972. The south tower was completed in 1973.
ReplyDeleteThere were many types of companies in the world trade center mostly financial companies but there were also many restaurants and government offices.
Cantor Fitzgerald, a bond trading company lost the most employees as 658 people who worked there died.
In March 2006 construction began on 9/11 memorial and museum. In
July 2011 tickets went on sale for the opening of the 9/11 memorial. Finally on
September 11th 2011 the memorial opens to the public. The entire memorial isn’t completed however as there are plans for an eight acre park around the two fountains.
The new tower that will stand in place of the twin towers in New York is called the Freedom Tower and it will be the tallest building in the city at 1,776 feet tall. Construction on the tower began in 2006. The tower is supposed to show the resolve of the American people and the people of New York City.
There were many memorial services held to honor the deceased on the tenth anniversary of the September 11th attacks. In Washington DC there was a ceremony at the Pentagon Memorial that honored the 700 who died in that building. In New York City the 9/11 memorial opened on that day and the families of the dead were in attendance. And in Shanksville, Pennsylvania a commemorative service to honor those on flight 93 will take place at the memorial.
Works Cited
“List of Major Events and Memorial Services on 9/11/11.” September 11th news. September 11th news, 9 June 2011. Web. 29 May 2012. .
“The Towers History.” 9/11 research. 9/11 research , 8 Sept. 2011. Web. 29 May 2012. .
VanderMey, Anne, and Marilyn Adamo. “Companies in the Twin Towers: Before and After.” CNN Money. CNN, 2012. Web. 29 May 2012. .
The construction of the two towers of the world trade center was finished in 1973. Banking and finance were two of the main types of businesses conducted in the building. There were over 430 companies that occupied the workspace inside. There were roughly 35,000 people working for these companies in the world trade center. 2003- Lower Manhattan Development Corporation came out with a campaign for a design for a memorial to commemorate the lives lost in the September 11 attacks, this memorial would be at the World Trade Center.
ReplyDelete9/11 Memorial Construction Timeline
November 19, 2003- The comitee for finding a new design narrowed it down to eight finalists.
January 14, 2004- “Reflecting Absesnce” was the design chosen
March 13, 2006 - construction workers arrived at ground zero for construction
June 2010- granite coating finished on north pool, began to work on granite coating for south pool
July 2010- soil was being put down in the memorial
In August 2010- first trees planted at the memorial
November 2010- the north pool's waterfall was first tested
March 2011- they begin to install glass panels in the meseum
May 2011- workers started testing the waterfall in the south pool
September 11th 2011- Families with victims of the 9/11 attacks come for a special event.
September 12th 2011- The memorial opened to the public
The architects of the new memorial design wanted to give visitors a chance to learn about 9/11 and present them with objects and artifacts from that unfortunate day. The reflecting pools are the exact location where the base of the towers used to be. Bronze panels display the name of every person lost in the attacks.
Works Cited:
9/11 Memorial. "The World Trade Center History." National September 11 Memorial & Museum. National September 11 Memorial & Museum, 2012. Web. 29 May 2012. .
Pentagon Memorial Fund. "9/11 in New York City." National 9/11 Pentagon Memorial. 2012 Pentagon Memorial Fund, 2012. Web. 29 May 2012. .
When the World Trade Centers were first built
ReplyDelete• The world trade centers had first opened in 1973, it became a NYC icon.
• In 1946 the NYC authorities had the idea and the development of the world trade center.
• In 1958 the plans to build the buildings were announced.
• They were two identical towers, which were 110 stories.
Business conducted inside
• Almost 500 business and 50,000 employees were killed in 9/11.
• There were dozens of different businesses inside, from insurance, to finance, to sales offices for other companies.
• American Express had three floors in the World Trade Center.
• The World Trade Center was home base for Bank of America.
• The trade center housed two top restaurants.
• They were also, skyscrapers.
• It encourage the expansion of world trade.
• To promote international business relationships and understanding among nations.
Time line for the creation of 9/11 memorials
• After the clean up of ground zero they had made plans to build a new world trade center.
• January 2004 the memorial was proposed
• Over 5,00 proposals from 62 countries came in.
• The national September eleven memorial is to remember and honor the nearly 3,00 people who had died because of the attacks.
• The memorial is maid up of twin reflecting pools that are nearly a acre in size.
• Feature the largest man made waterfalls in America.
• The pools sit were the towers one stood.
• The names of every person that had died are engraved in big panels.
• Lots of trees planed to high light living and rebirth.
• Every ten years they read off all the names of the people that had died.
Works Cited
Craven, Jackie. "9/11/01 - 9/11/11 - Photo Timeline of Destruction and Reconstruction in New York." Architecture and House Styles and Building Design. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 May 2012. .
Skillings, Pamela. "World Trade Center -- History of the World Trade Center Towers." Manhattan - New York City. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 May 2012. .
"Sustainable Design | National September 11 Memorial & Museum." National September 11 Memorial & Museum | World Trade Center Memorial. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 May 2012. .
morning, 9 a.m. each weekday, the buildings had an average of 35, and 000. "World Trade Center Facts." The Harrow Group. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 May 2012. .
The WTC was first built in the early 1970’s by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Tower 1 was completed in 1972, and Tower 2 was completed in 1973. The cost was $400 million (PBS).
ReplyDeleteThe business conducted inside the WTC included more than 430 companies from 28 countries. The companies were involved in various commercial activities including banking, finance, insurance, transportation, governments and trade. Several companies such as the Port Authority and Empire Blue Cross Blue Shield had their corporate headquarters there (CNN).
The ground floor was a mall, with many clothing and other retail stores. Windows on the World was a famous restaurant on the top floor. The mezzanine level included a food court and a newsstand. On the lowest level, there was a PATH rail station to New Jersey and a stop on the A/E subway line to Queens (Ludwig).
Timeline for the Creation of the 9/11 Memorial: In April 2003, the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation began an international competition to design a memorial. This was the largest design competition in history. There were 5,201 entries from 63 countries and 49 states. On November 19, 2003, the 13 member jury selected 8 finalists
On January 6, 2004, “Reflecting Absence” by Michael Arad and Peter Walker was selected. The design is consistent with the Daniel Liebeskind master plan that called for the memorial to be located below street level. In August 2006, the WTC Memorial Foundation and the Port Authority of NY and NJ began construction.
Thought Process Behind the 9/11 Memorial: The 911 Memorial is located at the site of the former WTC and occupies about half of the 16 acre site. The Memorial has two 30 foot waterfalls and reflecting pools, each about an acre in size, located in the footprints of the two towers. The two pools are bordered by bronze walls that show the names of the 2,983 victims of the 1993 and 2001 attacks (history.com).
The Plaza is eco-friendly, with more than 400 trees planned surrounding the Memorial's two reflecting pools. Its design suggests hope and renewal. It creates a meditative area separated from lower Manhattan. Swamp white oak trees create a canopy of leaves. This grove brings green rebirth in spring, provide shade in summer and color in fall. A small clearing in the grove, provides a space for special events (911 Memorial).
The memorial services held there: On September 11, 2011 a dedication ceremony was held at the Memorial, reflecting on the 10th anniversary of the attacks. On the following day, the Memorial opened to the public. The Museum will open on September 11, 2012.
Works Cited
Deletepbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/world-trade.html, web, 25 may 2012.
www.cnn.com/specials/2001/trade.center/tenants1.html, web, 25 may 2012.
Ann Ludwig, 25 may 2012.
wtcsitememorial.com, web, 25 may 2012.
www.history.com/interactives/world-trade-center-reborn, web, 25 may 2012.
911memorial.org/design-overview, web, 25 may 2012.
1. The World Trade Center was first completed in 1973.
ReplyDelete2. Over 430 companies from 28 countries were conducted inside the world trade center. Large variety of commercial activities including; banking and finance, insurance, transportation, imports and export companies, etc.
3. October 28, 2001: Memorial service held at ground zero.
December 30, 2001: Opening the Public Viewing Platform
May 30, 2002: Column Ceremony is held to mark the end of the recovery
September 11, 2011: The memorial was dedicated in a ceremony for the families of the victims
September 2012: The memorial opened.
4. Michael Arad created the architectural design for the 9/11 memorials. Having too many people and organizations with conflicting interest involved in the World Trade Center, made it a challenging project. Others would disagree as Mr. Arad was a young unknown architect and as good as his designs were the architect himself was part of the problem. Arad stated that his idea for the building was involving his “desire to imagine a future for this site came out of trying to come to terms with the emotions that day aroused.”
5. On September 11th the 9/11 memorials will officially open and with a ceremony for victims’ families at Ground zero. Many other memorials including: New York State Museum where they reflect the day of 9/11 and the American Red Cross Blood drives to commemorate the 10th anniversary.
Works Cited
"9/11 Memorial Timeline." 9/11 Memorial Timeline. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2012. .
"9/11 Memorial and the Rebuilding of Ground Zero — History.com Articles, Video, Pictures and Facts." History.com — History Made Every Day — American & World History. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2012. .
"CNN.com Specials." CNN.com - Breaking News, U.S., World, Weather, Entertainment & Video News. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2012. .
"Events | September 11 News." September 11 News.com - September 11, 2001 News Archives - The 9/11/2001 Terrorist Attack on America. Archives in Images, Photos, & Newspapers from the September 11th, 2001 Attacks at the WTC & Pentagon.. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2012. .
"Events | September 11 News." September 11 News.com - September 11, 2001 News Archives - The 9/11/2001 Terrorist Attack on America. Archives in Images, Photos, & Newspapers from the September 11th, 2001 Attacks at the WTC & Pentagon.. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2012. .
LOOS, TED. "How the 9/11 Memorial Changed Its Architect, Michael Arad - NYTimes.com." The New York Times - Breaking News, World News & Multimedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2012. .
In August of 1966, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey began construction of the World Trade Center. Minoru Yamasaki designed the complex, which was highly criticized because the tall towers would ruin the New York skyline. The North Tower was completed and opened in December of 1970 and the South Tower was completed and opened in January of 1972. The opening ceremony for the whole World Trade Center was on April 4th, 1973 (“History of the World Trade Center”). In the towers, there were many international and big name companies. There were over 430 different companies and over 50,000 workers would come to the World Trade Center daily. Tenants from over 20 different countries worked inside the towers. Some of the companies were banks, restaurants, airlines, financial institutions, personal services, and television network stations (“List of World Trade Center Tenants”).
ReplyDeleteIn 2004, a plan was created about the new World Trade Center with one very tall building called the “Freedom Tower”. In 2002, Michael Arad and Peter Walker beat out 5,200 other people that wanted to design the 9/11 Memorial. The memorial was named “Reflecting Absence” and consisted of two pools where the towers once were and were surrounded by many trees. This memorial mourns the people who died in these attacks. The victim’s families wanted change to the memorial and in 2006, the names of the victims were moved to an area above ground instead of underground (Hagan).
On September 11th, 2011, there was a big 10-year anniversary held at Ground Zero. The two pools are symbolic of reflecting on the victim’s lives. Many of the victim’s families showed up to honor the people who died in the attacks. President Obama and Michelle Obama went to the memorial service in 2011. Soldiers lined up in the streets and people remembered the lives of those who passed. Every year, they also have big lights that are placed where the bases of the twin towers were and shine the light up into the sky (“9/11 Memorial Services Held in New York, Pennsylvania and Virginia.”).
Works Cited
Hagan, Joe. "The Breaking of Michael Arad." New York Magazine. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 May 2012.
"History of the World Trade Center." World Trade Center. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 May 2012.
Huffington Post. “9/11 Memorial Services Held in New York, Pennsylvania and Virginia.” AOL. Huffington Post, 21 Sept. 2001. Web. 29 May 2012.
"List of World Trade Center Tenants." CNN.com - Breaking News, U.S., World, Weather, Entertainment & Video News. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 May 2012.